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Mentoring the Next Generation of Deaf Researchers: STEMM-HEAR Expands

STEMM-HEAR supports college-aged students with hearing loss and provides mentorship to encourage them in their fields of study.

Every summer for almost 30 years, longtime AG Bell member Tilak Ratnanather, DPhil – who is deaf – has invited undergraduate students with hearing loss to work in his research lab at Johns Hopkins University. This past summer, thanks to a grant from the National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), he expanded his program nationwide.

For the next five years, the STEMM-HEAR program will provide stipends to eight college students who are deaf and hard of hearing and use Listening and Spoken Language to participate in summer research internships in auditory sciences laboratories at affiliated universities. Students must have completed their sophomore or junior year of college, have at least a 3.0 GPA, and be majoring in a STEM field (Science, Technology, Engineering, or Mathematics), or a pre-med major.

“STEMM-HEAR focuses on supporting outstanding students in STEM studies,” Dr. Ratnanather said. “Our goal is to encourage students with hearing loss to persevere in their studies, leading to careers in STEM fields and academia.”

Stipends assist students with room, board, and travel. Students commit to attending a two-day orientation at Johns Hopkins University, completing surveys following their internship, and participating in a student-mentor exchange with other STEMM-HEAR trainees and alumni to encourage each other to persevere in their STEM field.

In addition to Dr. Ratnanather, mentors with hearing loss include Dr. Raymond Goldsworthy, University of Southern California; Dr. Peter Steyger, Creighton University; Dr. Robert Raphael, Rice University; Dr. Lina Reiss, Dr. John V. Brigande, Dr. Erick J. Gallun, and Dr. Buran from Oregon Health and Sciences University.

This summer, the cohort included a LEAP/LOFT alum who spent the summer at USC and two Tucker-Maxon alum, one of whom worked at OHSU and the other at Rice. Also, a cohort from the Johns Hopkins Neuroscience Scholars program has one mentee going to Caltech to do a Masters in Neuroengineering and another going to Oxford as a Rhodes Scholar. A neuro-otology fellow with mild hearing loss at Johns Hopkins also mentors them.

The LEAP/LOFT alum, Daniel Zhu, helped work on specialized research projects on electrode psychophysics, focusing on auditory perception and signal processing in cochlear implant technology. Aspects of his lab experiences involved applying computational methods to analyze signal processing in cochlear implant technology. Additionally, Zhu and the other interns conducted sandbox experiments, including studies on pitch perception, timbre, and timing perception, using MATLAB programming for remote experimentation with cochlear implant subjects.

“Due to the fact that I am a cochlear implant user, I also served as a research subject for auditory experiments, including EEG studies, interaural timing difference, and interaural level difference experiments, providing critical data for the development of binaural auditory solutions for cochlear implant technology,” Zhu said. “These experiences provided me the unique opportunity of delving into and exploring my own sensory experience of the metaphysical world. A unique aspect of the lab experience also involved serving as an active participant in the lab’s weekly ‘Music Hour’ alongside other CI users virtually where other interns and I were able to interact with the broader deaf community through virtual discussions and musical performances.”

The biggest takeaway from Zhu’s intern experience was learning more about the field of academia, particularly its value.

What struck Dr. Ratnanather the most about this year’s interns was their ability to converse without needing to face the speaker. “They possess amazing listening skills, which can only be attributed to early diagnosis of hearing loss, early intervention of hearing loss, digital hearing aids, and cochlear implants,” he said. “It was hard to tell who was ‘deaf.’ As [audiologist] Jane Madell once said, ‘It is NOT the same old deafness.’”

Despite this, Dr. Ratnanather pointed out that the interns still have to deal with a wide range of problems at college, like ignorance, imposter syndrome, and prior isolation. But these obstacles can be easily overcome by networking with other people who have hearing loss and learning from one another. For example, the interns were exposed to different uses of auto-captioning in different situations, and Dr. Ratnanather noted that a need for awareness about accessibility was self-evident.

At a social dinner during the first official STEMM-HEAR orientation with eight STEMM-HEAR kids, four Johns Hopkins Neuroscience deaf/hard of hearing scholars, and Johns Hopkins deaf/hard of hearing people, Dr. Ratnanather commented to AG Bell, “What struck me was that it was just a typical gathering of college kids. Indeed, I thought I was the one with hearing loss!”

Stay tuned to AG Bell social channels and eNews for upcoming enrollment information about next year’s STEMM-HEAR program.

Mentoría de la próxima generación de investigadores con sordera: STEMM-HEAR se amplía

Todos los veranos desde hace 30 años, Tilak Ratnanather, DPhil, un miembro de AG Bell que tiene sordera invita a estudiantes universitarios con pérdida auditiva a trabajar en su laboratorio de investigación de la Johns Hopkins University. El verano pasado, gracias a una subvención del Instituto Nacional de la Sordera y Otros Trastornos de la Comunicación (NIDCD, por sus siglas en inglés) de los Institutos Nacionales de Salud (NIH, por sus siglas en inglés), pudo ampliar su programa a todo el país.

Durante los próximos cinco años, el programa, denominado STEMM-HEAR, proporcionará estipendios a ocho estudiantes universitarios con sordera e hipoacusia que utilicen la Escucha y el Lenguaje Hablado para que participen en prácticas de investigación de verano en laboratorios de ciencias auditivas de universidades afiliadas. Los estudiantes deberán haber finalizado su segundo o tercer curso universitario, tener al menos un GPA de 3,0 y estar especializándose en un campo STEM (Ciencia, Tecnología, Ingeniería o Matemáticas, por sus siglas en inglés) o una especialización en premedicina.

«STEMM-HEAR se centra en apoyar a los estudiantes destacados en estudios STEM», explica el Dr. Ratnanather. «Nuestro objetivo es animar a los estudiantes con pérdida auditiva a perseverar en sus estudios y desarrollar una carrera profesional en campos STEM y académicos».

Los estipendios ayudan a los estudiantes en el alojamiento, la manutención y los desplazamientos. Los estudiantes se comprometerán a asistir a un curso de orientación de dos días en la Johns Hopkins University, cumplimentar encuestas después de su periodo de prácticas y participar en un intercambio estudiante-mentor con otros estudiantes en prácticas y antiguos alumnos de STEMM-HEAR para animarse mutuamente a perseverar en su campo STEM.

Además del Dr. Ratnanather, entre los mentores se encuentran el Dr. Raymond Goldsworthy de la University of Southern California; el Dr. Peter Steyger de la Creighton University; el Dr. Robert Raphael de la Rice University; la Dra. Lina Reiss, el Dr. John V. Brigande, el Dr. Erick J. Gallun y el Dr. Buran de la Oregon Health and Sciences University.

Este verano, en la cohorte se incluyó a un alumno de LEAP/LOFT que pasó el verano en la USC y dos antiguos alumnos de Tucker-Maxon, habiendo trabajado uno de ellos en la OHSU y el otro en la Rice. Uno de ellos estudiará un máster en neuroingeniería en la Caltech, otro es un becario de neurootología en la Johns Hopkins y un tercero estudiará en Oxford como becario de Rhodes.

El antiguo alumno de LEAP/LOFT, Daniel Zhu, colaboró en proyectos de investigación especializados en psicofísica de electrodos, centrados en la percepción auditiva y el procesamiento de señales en la tecnología de implantes cocleares. Algunos aspectos de su experiencia en el laboratorio consistieron en la aplicación de métodos computacionales para analizar el procesamiento de señales en la tecnología de implantes cocleares. Además, Zhu y el resto de los becarios realizaron experimentos de caja de arena, incluidos estudios sobre la percepción del tono, el timbre y el tiempo, utilizando programación MATLAB para la experimentación remota con sujetos con implantes cocleares.

«Dado que utilizo implantes cocleares, también participé como sujeto en la investigación de experimentos auditivos, como estudios de EEG, diferencias temporales interaurales y diferencias de nivel interaurales, que proporcionaron datos fundamentales para el desarrollo de soluciones auditivas binaurales para la tecnología de implantes cocleares», explica Zhu. «Estas experiencias me brindaron la gran oportunidad de profundizar y explorar mi propia experiencia sensorial del mundo metafísico. Un aspecto único de la experiencia en el laboratorio consistió también en participar activamente en la «Hora de la música» semanal del laboratorio junto con otros usuarios de implantes cocleares de forma virtual, por lo que pude interactuar junto con otros becarios con la comunidad de personas con sordera en general a través de debates virtuales y actuaciones musicales».

Lo más destacable de la experiencia de Zhu como becario fue aprender más sobre el ámbito académico, en particular sobre su valor.

Lo que más sorprendió al Dr. Ratnanather de los becarios de este año fue su capacidad de conversar sin necesidad de mirar al interlocutor. «Poseen unas habilidades de escucha extraordinarias, que solo se pueden atribuir al diagnóstico temprano de la pérdida auditiva, la intervención temprana de la pérdida auditiva, los audífonos digitales y los implantes cocleares», afirma. «Era difícil saber quién era “sordo”. Como dijo una vez [la audióloga] Jane Madell, “NO es la misma sordera de antes”».

A pesar de ello, el Dr. Ratnanather señaló que los becarios deben hacer frente a una amplia variedad de problemas en la universidad, como la ignorancia, el síndrome del impostor y el aislamiento previo. No obstante, estos obstáculos se pueden superar fácilmente estableciendo contactos con otras personas con pérdida auditiva y aprendiendo unos de otros. Por ejemplo, los becarios conocieron distintos usos del subtitulado automático en diferentes situaciones y el Dr. Ratnanather observó que la necesidad de concienciación sobre la accesibilidad era evidente.

En una cena social durante la primera orientación oficial de STEMM-HEAR con ocho jóvenes de STEMM-HEAR, cuatro becarios con sordera/hipoacusia del departamento de Neurociencia de la Johns Hopkins, y otras personas con sordera/hipoacusia de esta universidad, el Dr. Ratnanather comentó a AG Bell: «Lo que me sorprendió fue que se trataba de la típica reunión de universitarios. ¡De hecho, pensé que era la única persona con pérdida auditiva!».

Permanezca atento a los canales sociales de AG Bell y a eNews para obtener información sobre la inscripción en el programa STEMM-HEAR del próximo año.

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